Edible cannabis products have become popular for human use, but they pose serious risks for dogs. While some cannabis-derived products might offer health benefits for pets, others can be extremely dangerous. This article explains the differences between safe and unsafe cannabis products for dogs, what to do if your dog eats cannabis, and how to keep your pet safe.
What Types of Cannabinoids Are Found in Edibles?
Edible cannabis products can contain different cannabinoids, each with its own effects. Here are the most common ones:
- THC (Tetrahydrocannabinol): This is the main ingredient in most recreational edibles. THC is what causes the “high” feeling people experience.
- CBD (Cannabidiol): CBD does not make you feel high. It is often used in wellness products for its calming and pain-relieving properties.
- Delta-8 THC and Delta-9 THC: These are two forms of THC. Delta-8 is sometimes called the “milder” version because it tends to cause less intense effects and is said to keep the mind clearer. Delta-9 THC is the most common and powerful psychoactive compound in cannabis, leading to stronger effects.
Some edibles are made with just one type of cannabinoid, while others use a blend—called “full-spectrum”—to provide a wider range of effects. Always check the label to know exactly what’s inside any edible product.
What Makes Cannabis Harmful to Dogs?
Cannabis contains two main compounds: THC (tetrahydrocannabinol) and CBD (cannabidiol). These compounds affect dogs differently than humans.
THC: A Dangerous Toxin for Dogs
THC is the part of cannabis that makes people feel “high.” For dogs, even small amounts can be toxic. Dogs have more receptors in their brains that THC binds to, making them far more sensitive. For example, a tiny piece of a THC brownie could cause serious illness in a small dog.
Common sources of THC exposure in dogs:
- Marijuana edibles (baked goods, candies, or gummies)
- Leftover cannabis plants or dried leaves
- Secondhand smoke from marijuana
Symptoms of THC poisoning usually start within 30–90 minutes and can last up to three days. Dogs may show:
- Trouble walking (stumbling or falling)
- Extreme sleepiness or agitation
- Drooling or vomiting
- Peeing accidentally
- Dilated pupils or shaking
In severe cases, dogs may have seizures or go into a coma. While deaths are rare, they can happen if dogs eat highly concentrated THC products.
CBD: A Safer Option (But Not Risk-Free)
CBD is a non-psychoactive compound often used in pet products for pain, anxiety, or seizures. Unlike THC, CBD doesn’t make dogs “high,” but it’s not fully approved for pets.
Potential benefits of CBD for dogs include:
- Reducing anxiety during thunderstorms or car rides
- Easing joint pain in older dogs
- Helping control seizures
However, CBD products are not strictly regulated. Some may contain harmful ingredients like THC, heavy metals, or xylitol (a sweetener toxic to dogs). Always choose CBD products made specifically for pets and check for third-party lab reports.
What to Do If Your Dog Eats Cannabis
Step 1: Don’t Panic, but Act Quickly
If you suspect your dog ate cannabis:
- Check for symptoms: Look for stumbling, drooling, or unusual behavior.
- Contact a vet immediately: Be honest about what your dog ate. Vets won’t report you—they just want to help your pet.
Step 2: Follow Vet Instructions
Vets may:
- Induce vomiting if ingestion happened recently.
- Give activated charcoal to absorb toxins.
- Provide IV fluids to prevent dehydration.
- Use medications to control seizures or abnormal heart rates.
Most dogs recover within 1–3 days with proper care. However, dogs that eat chocolate-covered edibles face double the risk from both THC and theobromine (a toxic substance in chocolate).
Are CBD Treats Safe for Dogs?
CBD products marketed for pets are generally safer than THC, but quality varies. Here’s what to know:
Dosage Guidelines
Start with a low dose and increase slowly. A common recommendation is 1–2 mg of CBD per 10 pounds of body weight, split into morning and evening doses. For example:
- A 20-pound dog: 2–4 mg daily
- A 50-pound dog: 5–10 mg daily
Always consult a vet before starting CBD, especially if your dog takes other medications.
Risks of CBD Products
- Contaminated products: Some CBD treats contain unsafe levels of THC or pesticides.
- Liver issues: High doses may affect liver enzymes in dogs.
- Lack of regulation: The FDA hasn’t approved most CBD pet products, so quality isn’t guaranteed.
How to Prevent Cannabis Poisoning
Secure All Cannabis Products
- Store edibles in locked cabinets high off the ground.
- Dispose of trash immediately after using cannabis.
Avoid Secondhand Smoke
Dogs can absorb THC through smoke. Keep them away from areas where cannabis is smoked or vaped.
Educate Guests
Inform visitors not to leave cannabis products (like gummies or cookies) within your dog’s reach.
Legal and Safety Considerations
Laws for Cannabis and Pets
- THC products: Illegal for pets in most regions.
- CBD products: Legal if derived from hemp (containing <0.3% THC), but not FDA-approved.
Vets in some areas can prescribe CBD for conditions like arthritis, but rules vary. For example, Australian vets can prescribe CBD-only products under strict guidelines.
Final Thoughts
THC edibles are never safe for dogs. Even small amounts can cause severe poisoning. CBD products may help some dogs, but choose reputable brands and consult a vet first. Always keep cannabis products locked away, and act quickly if exposure occurs. By staying informed and cautious, you can protect your dog from accidental harm while exploring safe wellness options.
Key Takeaways:
- 🚫 Avoid THC: Keep all marijuana edibles away from pets.
- ✅ Use CBD carefully: Pick vet-recommended products and start with low doses.
- 🏥 Seek help fast: If your dog eats cannabis, contact a vet immediately.
