Brussels Griffon Dog Guide: Temperament, Care & Training

The Brussels Griffon, also known as the Griffon Bruxellois or simply “Griff,” is a small yet sturdy toy breed from Belgium. With its short, expressive face, large soulful eyes, and distinctive facial fur, this breed has been captivating dog lovers since the 1800s.

Famous for its human-like expressions and lively personality, the Brussels Griffon is an affectionate, playful, and sometimes mischievous companion. These alert and spirited dogs thrive on attention, forming deep bonds with their owners. Natural entertainers, they bring joy, loyalty, and endless charm to any home.

Brussels Griffon Personality & Traits

The Brussels Griffon is a curious, intelligent, and sensitive breed with a distinctive personality. While they form strong bonds with their owners and have a friendly temperament, they are also independent thinkers, often preferring to do things their own way—especially when it comes to training.

Though affectionate and playful, Brussels Griffons are not ideal for households with young children, as they can be sensitive to rough handling. However, they thrive in adult families who enjoy interactive play and companionship.

This breed is incredibly devoted to its favorite person, often becoming a little shadow, following them everywhere. Brussels Griffons do not tolerate being left alone for long periods—when ignored, they can become bored, anxious, or even destructive. For an attentive and loving owner, they make a spirited, affectionate, and deeply loyal companion.

History of the Brussels Griffon

As its name suggests, the Brussels Griffon originated in Brussels, Belgium. During the 19th century, its ancestors were used by coachmen to hunt rats in stables. These early Belgian dogs closely resembled Affenpinschers, but their exact lineage remains unclear. It is believed they were crossed with Pugs and English Toy Spaniels, resulting in two distinct coat types: the rough, wiry-coated variety and the smooth-coated Petit Brabançon.

The breed gained widespread popularity when Queen Marie Henriette of Belgium began breeding and showcasing them. This royal endorsement led to their export to England and the United States, and in 1910, the American Kennel Club (AKC) officially recognized the Brussels Griffon.

However, the breed nearly disappeared during World Wars I and II, especially in Europe, and remains relatively rare today. While no longer needed as rat hunters, Brussels Griffons have firmly established themselves as beloved companion dogs.

The breed also found fame in Hollywood, with a Brussels Griffon starring in the 1997 film As Good as It Gets. Their Ewok-like appearance has further boosted their popularity on social media, making them an internet favorite.

Brussels Griffon Care

Brussels Griffons are a low-maintenance breed in terms of exercise and grooming, but their strong-willed personality can make training a challenge. While they are highly intelligent, they also have an independent streak, which may lead to stubborn behavior. Consistent, positive reinforcement training and patience are key to successfully managing their spirited nature.

Exercise Needs

Brussels Griffons require regular exercise, but they don’t need intense activity to stay healthy. A daily 30-minute walk combined with play sessions is usually enough to keep them happy. However, be mindful of their agility—these small dogs are excellent climbers and jumpers, so take precautions to prevent falls and injuries.

Due to their flat faces, Brussels Griffons are prone to overheating since they struggle to cool the air they breathe. To prevent heat exhaustion, exercise them during cooler times of the day and never leave them unattended in a car. Additionally, they are sensitive to cold weather, so they may need a sweater or coat during winter months.

Grooming Needs

• Smooth-Coated Brussels Griffon: Requires twice-weekly brushing and sheds moderately.
• Rough-Coated Brussels Griffon: Sheds very little and is a better option for allergy sufferers, but requires hand-stripping every 3–4 months to maintain coat texture.

Hand-stripping is a time-consuming process that many groomers no longer offer, but an alternative Schnauzer cut can help reduce maintenance.

Training & Behavior

Brussels Griffons are intelligent and eager to learn, but they also have a stubborn streak, making consistent obedience training essential.

✔ Barking Control: These dogs are natural alert barkers, so teaching a “quiet” command early can prevent excessive barking.
✔ House Training Challenges: Crate training is highly recommended, as some Griffons may never be fully housebroken.
✔ Socialization: They can be wary of strangers and territorial with other dogs, sometimes challenging larger breeds. Early socialization helps reduce fear-based aggression.
✔ Child Interactions: Griffons can be snappy if frightened or handled roughly. If raised with children, teach kids to respect the dog’s space and recognize signs of discomfort.

By providing patient training, proper socialization, and attentive care, a Brussels Griffon can become a loving, well-behaved companion in the right home.

Common Health Issues in Brussels Griffons

Reputable breeders follow strict breed standards set by organizations like the AKC, which helps reduce the risk of inherited health conditions. However, due to their flat-faced (brachycephalic) structure, Brussels Griffons are prone to certain hereditary health issues.

Here are some common health concerns to be aware of:

1. Brachycephalic Syndrome

🔹 Cause: Narrowed airways due to the breed’s flat face.
🔹 Symptoms: Snoring, noisy breathing, difficulty exercising, overheating.
🔹 Treatment: Weight management, avoiding heat, and in severe cases, surgery.

2. Luxating Patella

🔹 Cause: A condition where the kneecap dislocates or moves out of place.
🔹 Symptoms: Limping, skipping steps, occasional lameness.
🔹 Treatment: Mild cases may not require treatment, but severe cases may need surgery.

3. Corneal Ulcers

🔹 Cause: Large, prominent eyes make this breed prone to eye injuries and ulcers.
🔹 Symptoms: Squinting, redness, excessive tearing, pawing at the eye.
🔹 Treatment: Prompt veterinary care with medicated drops or, in severe cases, surgery.

Regular veterinary checkups, a healthy diet, and proper care can help manage and prevent these conditions, ensuring your Brussels Griffon lives a happy and healthy life.

Diet and Nutrition for Brussels Griffons

Brussels Griffons thrive on a balanced, high-quality diet, typically split into two meals per day. The ideal diet depends on factors like age, weight, and activity level, so consulting a veterinarian can help determine the best meal plan for your dog’s specific needs.

Because Brussels Griffons are a toy breed, even a small amount of excess weight can be unhealthy. Obesity increases the risk of serious health issues and can shorten their lifespan. Regularly monitoring their weight and providing portion-controlled meals will help keep them in optimal health.

Where to Adopt or Buy a Brussels Griffon

If you’re looking to adopt a Brussels Griffon, start by checking local animal shelters and breed-specific rescue groups. While this breed may not always be available, many similar small dogs are in need of loving homes.

For those considering a reputable breeder, it’s essential to:
✔ Request the medical history of the litter’s parents.
✔ Ensure the breeder provides genetic health test results.
✔ Visit the facility to verify ethical breeding conditions.

Brussels Griffon puppies typically range from $1,000 to $4,000, depending on pedigree, breeder reputation, and availability.

Resources to Begin Your Search:

🐾 National Brussels Griffon Rescue – Dedicated to rescuing and rehoming Brussels Griffons.
🐾 American Brussels Griffon Rescue Alliance – A nationwide rescue organization.
🐾 The American Brussels Griffon Association – The national breed club with breeder referrals.
🐾 AKC Brussels Griffon Breeders – Lists AKC-registered breeders.

Taking the time to find a responsible breeder or rescue organization ensures you’ll bring home a healthy, well-adjusted Brussels Griffon.

FAQ